Journal: Food & Nutrition Research

Article Title: Cinnamomum verum component 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde: a novel antiproliferative drug inducing cell death through targeting both topoisomerase I and II in human colorectal adenocarcinoma COLO 205 cells

doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.31607

Figure Lengend Snippet: Flow cytometric analysis of 2-MCA-treated COLO 205 cells. (a–c) COLO 205 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of 2-MCA for 48 h. The induction of cell death was measured at a single-cell level by annexin V and PI staining using CyFlow SL Flow Cytometer. Numbers in each quadrant indicate the percentage of cells among total cells. (d) Quantitative evaluation of annexin V positive/PI positive cells. The data were analyzed using FloMax Software and expressed as means±standard error of mean, n =3. *Indicates a significant difference ( p <0.05) from control. 2-MCA, 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde.

Article Snippet: After incubation with different concentrations of 2-MCA for another 48 h, the cells were harvested and analyzed by the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Kit from BioVision (Milpitas, CA, USA) following the manufacturer's protocol using the CyFlow SL Flow Cytometer (Cytecs GmbH, Gorlitz, Germany).

Techniques: Staining, Flow Cytometry, Software

Journal: Food & Nutrition Research

Article Title: Cinnamomum verum component 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde: a novel antiproliferative drug inducing cell death through targeting both topoisomerase I and II in human colorectal adenocarcinoma COLO 205 cells

doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.31607

Figure Lengend Snippet: 2-MCA induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in COLO 205 cells. (a) Left, cells were incubated with the indicated concentrations of 2-MCA for 48 h and ΔΨ m was analyzed using JC-1 with a fluorescence microscopy (40× objective). Control cells (upper part) with intact mitochondria fluorescencing red. Most 2-MCA-treated cells (lower part) fluorescencing green, suggesting the loss of ΔΨ m . (a) Right, cells were treated with the indicated 2-MCA concentrations for 48 h and ΔΨ m was determined using JC-1 spectrophotometrically. (b) Activations of caspase-3 and -9. The cells were incubated with the indicated 2-MCA concentrations for 48 h and activities of caspases-3 as well as -9 were evaluated using fluorescence-labeled synthetic substrates spectrophotometrically. Data are presented as means±standard error of mean, n =3. *Indicates a significant difference ( p <0.05) from control. 2-MCA, 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde.

Article Snippet: After incubation with different concentrations of 2-MCA for another 48 h, the cells were harvested and analyzed by the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Kit from BioVision (Milpitas, CA, USA) following the manufacturer's protocol using the CyFlow SL Flow Cytometer (Cytecs GmbH, Gorlitz, Germany).

Techniques: Incubation, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Labeling

Journal: Food & Nutrition Research

Article Title: Cinnamomum verum component 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde: a novel antiproliferative drug inducing cell death through targeting both topoisomerase I and II in human colorectal adenocarcinoma COLO 205 cells

doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.31607

Figure Lengend Snippet: 2-MCA inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in COLO 205 xenograft. Animals with pre-established tumors ( n =8/group) were injected intratumorally with the indicated dosages of 2-MCA. Tumor volumes were monitored by calipers and apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay. (a) Left, representative tumor-bearing nude mice from the control (upper part) and 20 mg/kg/day of 2-MCA-treated (lower part) groups. (a) Right, 2-MCA induced apoptosis in COLO 205 xenograft by TUNEL assay. Representative TUNEL assay of tumors from the control (upper part) and 20 mg/kg/day of 2-MCA-treated (lower part) groups. (b) Mean of tumor volume recorded at the indicated number of days after initiation of treatment. 2-MCA, 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde.

Article Snippet: After incubation with different concentrations of 2-MCA for another 48 h, the cells were harvested and analyzed by the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Kit from BioVision (Milpitas, CA, USA) following the manufacturer's protocol using the CyFlow SL Flow Cytometer (Cytecs GmbH, Gorlitz, Germany).

Techniques: Injection, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Clinical and Experimental Immunology

Article Title: Modulation of the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis during malaria/ M. tuberculosis co‐infection

doi: 10.1111/cei.12861

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD4+ T cell counts from patient groups. Patients were grouped according to disease diagnosis plus or minus tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy into the following groups: controls (Cont), latent TB (Lat‐TB), active TB without chemotherapy (TB+drug–) or with chemotherapy (TB+drug+), TB‐HIV co‐infection (TB+HIV+) and TB‐malaria (TB+MP+) co‐infection. CD4 counts were determined using blood collected in ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) analysed with an automated Cyflow SL.3 cell cytometer. Counts are expressed as cells/μl. Graph shows median and 5–95 percentiles. Statistical significance between groups was determined using a Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison correction; *P < 0·05; **P < 0·01; ***P < 0·001; ****P < 0·0001. Significant differences among controls and latent TB and active TB groups are shown in grey. Significant differences among active TB groups are shown in black.

Article Snippet: Blood samples were collected in ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) vacutainer blood collection tubes (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) and CD4 + T cell counts were measured within 5 h of sample collection using a Cyflow SL.3 cytometer for automated CD4 + counts, as per the manufacturer's instructions (Partec, Nuremberg, Germany).

Techniques: Infection, Cytometry